1. Filter

In photography, a filter is a camera accessory consisting of an optical filter that can be inserted in the optical path. The filter can be a square or rectangle shape mounted in a holder accessory, or, more commonly, a glass or plastic disk with a...

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2. Camera lucida

Lens and prism system through which a virtual image was seen, apparently appearing on the surface of the drawing paper.

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3. Callier effect

Contrast effect in photographic printing caused by the scattering of directional light from an enlarger condenser system. The negative highlights are of high density and scatter more light with...

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4. C-41

Kodak's standard chemical process for developing color negative film.

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5. Bag bellows

Short flexible sleeve used on large format cameras in place of normal bellows when short focal length lenses are employed.

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6. Back-lighting

Light coming from behind the subject

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7. B (Bulb)

Letter on the shutter dial indicating that the shutter will stay open while the release is depressed.

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8. Abstract

Subjective, non-realistic image. An abstraction photograph generally contains a design of patterns or shapes where the identity of a subject is not evident.

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9. Abrasion marks

Marks on the emulsion surface of a film, caused by scratching. It can be due to traces of dirt trapped between layers of film as it is wound on the spool, or to grit on the pressure plate.

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10. Abbe number

Denotes the degree of refraction of light of different wavelengths to different extents, given by a transparent material, such as glass. The lower the Abbe number, the greater the dispersion of colors.

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